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This case report outlines the clinical scenario of a 51-year-old male patient, Robert, diagnosed with COPD and community-acquired pneumonia, focusing on the pathophysiology, pharmacology, and psychosocial management of the conditions.
Year:
2018
Region / city:
Regional Victoria
Topic:
Pathophysiology, Pharmacology, COPD, Pneumonia
Document type:
Case report
Organization / institution:
CRICOS Provider No. 00103D
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Healthcare professionals, Medical students
Action period:
Not specified
Approval date:
Not specified
Modification date:
Not specified
Price: 8 / 10 USD
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Institution:
The University of Texas at El Paso
College:
College of Nursing
Course Number:
NURS 2502
Course Title:
Pathophysiology
Term:
Fall 2024
Delivery Mode:
On Campus
Credit Hours:
5 (didactic)
Course Manager:
Dr. Tracey Merworth
Faculty:
Dr. Cristina Dominguez de Quezada
Tutor:
Carla Rivas
Required Textbook:
Porth’s Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States (11th ed., 2024)
Publisher:
Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN:
9781975176846
Learning Management System:
Blackboard
Assessment Components:
Exams I–IV, Comprehensive Final Exam, Quizzes, Case Studies
Minimum Passing Grade:
75%
Attendance Requirement:
Required
Technology Requirements:
Respondus LockDown Browser, Microsoft Office, Adobe Acrobat Reader, Windows Media Player, QuickTime, Java
Related Course:
N2407 Pharmacology for Nursing
Recommended Course:
N2303 Introduction to Nursing Practice
Grading Scale:
A (90–100), B (80–89), C (75–79), D (60–74), F (<60)
Year:
2016
Region / City:
Arlington, TX
Subject:
Pathophysiology, Nursing Education
Document Type:
Syllabus
Institution:
University of Texas at Arlington, College of Nursing and Health Innovation
Author:
Linda M. Grande, DNP, RN, CPNP-PC
Target Audience:
Graduate nursing students
Effective Period:
Summer 2016
Approval Date:
N/A
Revision Date:
N/A
Document type:
Examination questions list
Field:
Veterinary medicine and veterinary pathology
Topics:
Infectious and non-infectious animal diseases, immunology, epizootology, ecology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesiology, pathology, forensic veterinary medicine
Geographical focus:
Republic of Kazakhstan and international context
Subject areas:
Animal health, immunology, ecotoxicology, animal welfare, transboundary infections, pathological anatomy
Structure:
Numbered thematic questions in two sections
Intended audience:
Veterinary students and specialists
Language:
English
Year:
2023
Region / City:
South Africa, Johannesburg, Pretoria
Topic:
Hypertension, Albuminuria, Proteomics
Document Type:
Research Article
Institution:
University of the Witwatersrand, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Author:
Melanie A. Govender, Stoyan H. Stoychev, Jean-Tristan Brandenburg, Michèle Ramsay, June Fabian, Ireshyn S. Govender
Target Audience:
Researchers in Molecular Biology, Clinical Medicine
Date of Approval:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Methodology:
Machine Learning, Protein Quantification
Keywords:
Hypertension, Albuminuria, Proteomics, Immune System, Extracellular Matrix, Machine Learning, South African Cohort
Year:
2022
Region / City:
National
Topic:
Medical Education
Document Type:
Educational Material
Institution:
National EMS Education
Author:
Unknown
Target Audience:
EMS students and professionals
Period of Validity:
Indefinite
Approval Date:
Not specified
Modification Date:
Not specified
Note:
Year
Topic:
Pathophysiology, Tissue Growth, Tumors
Document type:
Scientific article
Target audience:
Medical professionals, students of biology and medicine
Contextual description:
Scientific article discussing the pathophysiology of tissue growth, including tumors and extreme states of the organism.
Year:
2018
Journal:
World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript type:
Review
Authors:
Hui Ye, Leonard J Nelson, Manuel Gómez del Moral, Eduardo Martínez-Naves, Francisco Javier Cubero
Affiliations:
Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain; 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering (IBioE), Human Tissue Engineering, University of Edinburgh, UK; Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
Funding:
Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) RyC2014-15242, SAF2016-78711; Chinese Scholarship Council
Conflict of interest:
None declared
Open-Access:
Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Correspondence:
Francisco Javier Cubero, [email protected]
Received:
January 27, 2018
Peer-review started:
January 28, 2018
First decision:
February 10, 2018
Revised:
February 16, 2018
Accepted:
February 26, 2018
Published online:
2018
Keywords:
Drug-induced liver injury, Cell death, Signaling pathways, Acetaminophen, Reactive oxygen species
Abstract summary:
Review article analyzing molecular pathways and immune mechanisms involved in drug-induced liver injury, including intrinsic and idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity.
Year:
2020
Edition:
Fourth Edition
Type:
Textbook / Case Study Collection
Subject:
Pathophysiology, Clinical Medicine
Author:
Lachel Story
Intended Audience:
Medical students, healthcare professionals
Publisher:
Unknown from text
Chapters:
5
Case Subjects:
Adolescents, Adults, Elderly
Clinical Focus:
Endocrine disorders, stress response, hematology, cardiovascular events, respiratory issues
Testing Included:
Hormone levels, chromosomal analysis, lab work, EKG, blood glucose
Treatment Recommendations:
Hormone therapy, psychological counseling, lifestyle modification, medication for chronic conditions
Year:
2021
Region:
United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway
Topics:
COVID-19 epidemiology, clinical outcomes, vaccination safety, treatment evaluation, care home policies, mental health
Document type:
Scientific and policy briefings compilation
Institutions:
The Lancet, BMJ, Joint Committee on Human Rights, The Depressd Project, OpenSAFELY
Authors:
Multiple researchers and committees
Target audience:
Healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers
Period covered:
April–May 2021
Date published:
30th April–7th May 2021
Study population:
Adults in England, Denmark, and Norway; care home residents; general population
Methods:
Observational cohort studies, systematic reviews, policy reports
Key focus:
Ethnic disparities in infection and outcomes, vaccine-related adverse events, pathophysiology of COVID-19, drug trials, care home visitation regulations, mental health impact
Year:
2026
Region / City:
Global
Subject:
Cardiovascular pathology
Document Type:
Educational quiz / clinical review
Institution:
Medical education resource
Target Audience:
Medical students, healthcare professionals
Key Terms:
Thrombosis, embolism, edema, myocardial infarction, congestion, hemorrhage
Clinical Focus:
Heart failure, vascular disorders, systemic and pulmonary circulation
Format:
Multiple-choice questions with answer options
Source Type:
Academic/educational material
Contextual Description:
Multiple-choice clinical and pathological quiz questions addressing the mechanisms, types, and consequences of thrombosis, embolism, edema, hemorrhage, and related cardiovascular complications.
Year:
2022
Institution:
St. Petersburg College, College of Health Sciences
Course Code:
HIM 1140, Section #2718
Format:
Online Instruction
Instructor:
Michelle Manias, MSN, APRN, OCN
Academic Department:
Health Information Technology
Dean:
Deanna Stentiford, Ed.S., RDH
Academic Chair:
Dr. Kengia Sabree, RHIA
Target Audience:
HIM and medical program students
Schedule:
Spring 2022, 0600
Course Type:
Syllabus
Topics Covered:
Cellular physiology, disease mechanisms, immune system, infectious diseases, neoplasms, inherited/congenital diseases, pharmacology, therapeutic drug use
Assessment Methods:
Learning outcomes evaluation, course objectives completion, diagnostic and therapeutic knowledge testing
Year:
2024
Region / City:
Global
Topic:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Management
Document Type:
Research Study
Organization / Institution:
Various international medical organizations
Authors:
Schrijver J, Lenferink A, Brusse-Keizer M, et al.
Target Audience:
Healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers
Period of Validity:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
Year:
2023
Region / city:
Australia
Type of document:
Pharmaceutical submission / Public Summary Document
Regulatory authority:
Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)
Submitted by:
Generic Health Pty Ltd
Product:
Tiotropium Lupin 18 microgram powder for inhalation, LupinHaler device
Indication:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Previous PBS listing:
Spiriva 18 microgram powder for inhalation, HandiHaler device
Submission type:
Category 4 (cost-minimisation comparison)
PBS item code:
8626BMP,NP
Maximum quantity:
1 pack, 30 units
Prescriber type:
Nurse Practitioners, Medical Practitioners
Restriction type:
Restricted benefit
Administrative advice:
Not to be used in combination with LAMA/LABA or SAMA; adherence to current inhaler technique to be reviewed at each clinical visit; diagnosis requires spirometry confirmation
Year:
2023
Region / City:
England
Topic:
Healthcare, Quality Standards
Document Type:
Policy document
Organization / Institution:
NHS England
Author:
General Practice Specification and Extraction Service (GPSES), NHS England
Target Audience:
Healthcare providers, Medical professionals
Period of Validity:
2023-2024
Approval Date:
01/04/2023
Date of Amendments:
01/08/2023
Contextual Description:
Policy document outlining business rules for COPD management under the Quality and Outcomes Framework for NHS England.
Year:
2019
Region / City:
United Kingdom
Topic:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Oxygen Saturation
Document Type:
Guidance
Organization:
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
Author:
NICE
Target Audience:
General practitioners, healthcare professionals
Period of Validity:
Not specified
Approval Date:
August 2019
Date of Last Update:
N/A
Year:
Not specified
Region / City:
Not specified
Topic:
COPD, Medical Research Council score, Fibrinogen levels, Six-minute walking test, Medication costs, Probabilistic analysis
Document Type:
Scientific Analysis
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Researchers, Healthcare professionals, Clinicians
Period of Action:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Year:
2023
Country:
China
Ethics Approval Number:
2023KYLL014
Scientific Field:
Genetic epidemiology
Research Topic:
Causal relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung adenocarcinoma
Study Design:
Two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Document Type:
Reporting checklist
Exposure:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Outcome:
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)
Data Sources:
GWAS dataset ebi-a-GCST90018807; GWAS dataset ebi-a-GCST004744; TCGA; GEO datasets GSE116959 and GSE76925
Sample Size:
57 LUAD patients, 11 healthy controls, 111 COPD cases, 40 smoking controls
Key Biomarkers:
FCRLA, GREM1, MMP9
Statistical Methods:
Inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, MR-PRESSO, LASSO regression, false discovery rate correction
Software:
R version 4.2.1; TwoSampleMR package; ggplot2
Diagnostic Criteria:
COPD defined by spirometry (FEV1/FVC < 0.7); LUAD confirmed by histopathology
Genetic Variant Selection Criteria:
Genome-wide significance threshold p < 5 × 10⁻⁸; LD pruning r² < 0.01
Core Mendelian Randomization Assumptions:
Relevance, independence, exclusion restriction
Document type:
Clinical correspondence letter
Medical topic:
COPD and bronchiectasis management
Medication:
Azithromycin
Purpose:
Recommendation to initiate azithromycin therapy to reduce exacerbations
Sender role:
Respiratory specialist
Recipient role:
General Practitioner
Patient category:
Patients with COPD or bronchiectasis experiencing exacerbations
Clinical objective:
Reduction in number of exacerbations within a 12-month period
Review schedule:
6 months after treatment initiation and additional follow-up months as specified
Prescribing status:
Amber Recommended
Prescribing guidance source:
Pan-Mersey Area Prescribing Committee
Response requirement:
GP confirmation or refusal within 14 days
Sections included:
Treatment dose and frequency, indication, review plan, GP decision section
Year:
2010
Organization:
Key Medical Resources, Inc.
Author:
Terry Rudd, RN, MSN
Type of Document:
Educational self-study module
Target Audience:
Nurses and healthcare professionals
Location:
Rancho Cucamonga, California, USA
Continuing Education Hours:
15.0
Certification:
California Board of Registered Nursing CEP#15122
Format:
Self-study with exam and evaluation form
Content Focus:
Asthma, COPD, respiratory assessment, lung function, pharmacology
Year:
2021
Study:
Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021)
Topic:
Epidemiological modeling and data sources for COPD incidence and mortality
Document type:
Technical nomenclature and methodological description
Field:
Epidemiology and public health
Model:
Age–Period–Cohort (APC) model
Data source system:
Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx)
Database:
Causes of Death (CoD) database
Modeling tools:
DisMod-MR; MR-BRT (Bayesian regularized model with temporal smoothing)
Geographic coverage:
204 countries and territories
Health condition:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Data source types:
surveys, censuses, vital registration, surveillance systems, cancer registries, police records, sibling history, survey/census data, minimally invasive tissue sample diagnoses
Reference parameters:
reference age group (a0), reference period (p0), reference cohort (c0)
Statistical measures:
Net Drift, Age Deviations, Period Deviations, Cohort Deviations, Longitudinal Age Curve, Period Rate Ratios, Cohort Rate Ratios, Local Drifts
Data access platform:
Global Health Data Exchange citation tool
File format available:
CSV metadata export
Outlier criteria:
exclusion of implausible values, conflicts with age or temporal patterns, and inconsistencies with comparable data sources