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This study presents a hybrid modelling approach to predict intestinal solubility in drug development, combining machine learning with physiological modelling to improve accuracy and mechanistic understanding of drug bioavailability.
Year:
2023
Region / City:
Padova, Italy
Topic:
Pharmaceutical Development, Drug Solubility
Document Type:
Research Study
Organization / Institution:
University of Padova, GlaxoSmithKline
Author:
Marco Brendolan, Francesca Cenci, Konstantinos Stamatopoulos, Fabrizio Bezzo, Pierantonio Facco
Target Audience:
Pharmaceutical Researchers, Bioengineers
Period of Validity:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
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Year:
Not specified
Region / city:
Not specified
Subject:
Chemistry, Solubility Equilibria
Document type:
Educational text
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Students of chemistry, possibly in higher education
Effective period:
Not specified
Approval date:
Not specified
Modification date:
Not specified
Year:
2026
Subject:
Chemistry
Type of Document:
Quiz
Author:
Unknown
Target Audience:
Students studying chemistry
Relevant Chapter:
17
Topics:
Acid-Base Titration, Solubility, Ka, pH, pOH
Institution:
Educational/Academic
Date of Approval:
N/A
Date of Revision:
N/A
Year:
Not specified
Subject:
General Chemistry
Topic:
Chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants, reaction direction, acid–base theory, pH calculations, buffers, titrations, solubility equilibria
Document Type:
Practice problem set
Intended Audience:
Students preparing for Exam 2
Chemical Systems Covered:
Gas-phase equilibria, weak acids and bases, buffer systems, acid–base titrations, sparingly soluble salts
Temperature Conditions Mentioned:
25°C; 30.0°C; 1500 K
Physical Quantities Included:
Kc, Ka, Kb, Kw, Ksp, pH, pKa, equilibrium concentrations, molar solubility
Grade:
11 University
Course:
SCH 3U
Unit:
Solutions and Solubility
Topic:
Review
Date:
Not provided
Learning Expectations:
Overall and Specific Expectations
Teacher Resources:
Laptop, LCD Projector, Chalk, Chalkboard
Student Resources:
Pen, Pencil, Calculator, Textbook
Teaching/Learning Strategies:
Note taking, Problem solving
Accommodations/Modifications:
Assisted note, PowerPoint presentation, Note posted online
Assessment & Evaluation:
Student questions checked for completion
Key Ideas:
Polar and non-polar molecules, Electronegativity, Hydrogen bonds, Ionic and molecular compounds in water, Solution concentrations, Molar concentrations, Solubility of solids, liquids, and gases, Temperature, Pressure, Double displacement reactions, Acids and bases, Ionization, pH and ion concentration, Neutralization reactions, Titrations
Context:
A lesson plan focusing on a review of the topics covered in a chemistry unit about solutions and solubility for grade 11 students.
Subject:
Chemistry
Topic:
Chemical nomenclature, formula writing, solubility rules, reaction prediction, equation balancing, reaction classification
Document Type:
Educational worksheet
Educational Level:
Secondary education
Number of Questions:
70
Skills Assessed:
Compound naming, formula writing, solubility determination, precipitate identification, balancing equations, reaction classification, product prediction
Language:
English
Document type:
Supplemental data tables
Subject:
R406 solubility and in vitro pharmacological profiling
Compound:
R406
Experimental context:
Pharmacological profiling experiments
Assay types:
Radioligand binding assays; isolated enzyme activity assays
Measured parameters:
Solubility (µM); pIC50; pKi
Timepoints:
3 hour; 24 hour
Solvent conditions:
0.1%, 0.3%, and 1% DMSO
Buffer systems:
Non-kinase buffers; kinase binding buffer; isolated kinase buffers; phosphate-buffered saline
Target scope:
Non-kinase targets across enzyme, receptor, ion channel, and transporter classes
Definitions provided:
Inactivity threshold defined as pIC50 of 3.5 (<50% inhibition at 10 µM or non-reproducible activity)
Year:
2026
Region / city:
N/A
Subject:
Solubility and microemulsion properties of KME
Document type:
Research Supplementary Material
Institution:
N/A
Author:
N/A
Target audience:
Researchers in pharmaceutical sciences
Period of validity:
N/A
Approval date:
N/A
Date of changes:
N/A
Year:
2026
Region / City:
Not specified
Subject:
Chemistry
Document Type:
Educational worksheet
Institution / Organization:
Not specified
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Students
Topics Covered:
Solubility, gas laws, molarity, molality, solution preparation, dilution
Formulas Included:
Henry’s Law, Molarity, Molality, Dilution calculations
Exercises:
Quantitative problems on solubility and solution concentrations
Year:
2021
Region / City:
Global
Topic:
Ocean biogeochemistry, Iron solubility
Document type:
Research Supplement
Organization / Institution:
GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Bermuda Institute of Ocean Science, University of Southampton, NIOZ, Southern University of Science and Technology
Authors:
Kechen Zhu, Eric P. Achterberg, Nicholas R. Bates, Loes J. A. Gerringa, Rob Middag, Mark J. Hopwood, Martha Gledhill
Target audience:
Researchers, oceanographers
Period of validity:
2021
Approval date:
Not specified
Date of changes:
Not specified
Note:
Context
Year:
2024
Region / city:
Australia
Document Type:
Medical Submission
Organization / Institution:
PBAC
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Medical practitioners, pharmaceutical authorities
Period of validity:
Not specified
Approval date:
Not specified
Amendment date:
November 2024
Note:
Context
Year:
2023
Region / city:
Australia
Document type:
Submission for drug listing
Institution:
TGA (Therapeutic Goods Administration)
Author:
STADA Pharmaceuticals Australia Pty Ltd
Target audience:
Medical practitioners, healthcare professionals, policymakers
Period of validity:
Not specified
Approval date:
August 29, 2023
Date of amendments:
Not specified
Clinical claim:
LECIG is non-inferior in terms of efficacy and safety compared to LCIG
Registration status:
TGA registered
Field:
Gastroenterology
Topic:
Metabolic endoscopy and type 2 diabetes treatment
Type of document:
Clinical study report
Study design:
First in-human extension study
Intervention:
Proximal Intestinal Mucosal Ablation (PIMA)
Preceding study registration:
NCT05887635
Medical condition:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D)
Primary outcomes:
Safety, tolerability, feasibility, efficacy
Sample size:
8 patients
Patient characteristics:
Uncontrolled T2D (HbA1c 7.5–10.0%) despite ≥1 glucose lowering agent
Procedure details:
Up to 75 cm post-ampullary mucosal ablation using second-generation through-the-scope RFVA catheter
Anaesthesia:
General anaesthesia
Follow-up period:
3 months
Key measurements:
HbA1c, HOMA-IR, BMI, adverse events, VAS pain score
Journal:
World Journal of Gastroenterology
Manuscript Number:
25986
Manuscript Type:
Minireview
Title Running:
Current understanding concerning ISCs
Authors:
Shuang Cui; Peng-Yu Chang
Affiliation:
Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
Corresponding Author:
Peng-Yu Chang, MD
Funding:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81502751; No. 81372929)
Conflict of Interest:
None declared
Open Access License:
Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Manuscript Source:
Invited manuscript
Received Date:
March 27, 2016
Accepted Date:
June 15, 2016
Keywords:
Intestinal stem cell; Cell development; Colorectal cancer
Publisher:
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Year:
2016
Authors:
Noelia Rodriguez Mier; Senne Cuyx; Kris De Boeck; Marijke Proesmans; Mieke Boon; Lieven Dupont; Kaline Arnauts; Elke De Wachter; Stephanie Van Biervliet; Monique Lequesne; Vicky Nowé; Hedwige Boboli; Anabela Santo Ramalho; François Vermeulen; on behalf of the Belgian Organoid Project
Affiliations:
KU Leuven; University Hospital Leuven; University Hospital Brussels; Ghent University Hospital; Antwerp University Hospital; GZA Hospital; CHR Citadelle
Country:
Belgium
Research field:
Cystic fibrosis; CFTR modulators; organoid research; personalized medicine
Study population:
60 people with cystic fibrosis homozygous for F508del
Genetic focus:
F508del CFTR mutation (homozygous)
Interventions studied:
Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor; Tezacaftor/ivacaftor
Methods:
Patient-derived intestinal organoids from rectal biopsies; forskolin-induced swelling assay; comparison with clinical outcomes
Clinical outcomes assessed:
Lung function; sweat chloride levels; body weight; pulmonary exacerbations
Type of document:
Scientific research article
Source:
PubMed
DOI / Identifier:
40883119
Subject:
Intestinal surgery and anastomosis techniques
Type of document:
Educational surgical reference text
Field:
Veterinary surgery
Species:
Cats and dogs
Surgical focus:
Small intestinal resection and anastomosis
Suture materials discussed:
Silk, Dacron, Nylon, Polypropylene, Chromic gut, Polyglycolic acid (Dexon), Polygalactin 910 (Vicryl), Polydioxanone (PDS), Polyglyconate (Maxon), Poliglecaprone (Monocryl), Biosyn
Stapling devices mentioned:
Auto Suture 35 skin stapler, GIA stapler, TA stapler
Key surgical considerations:
Suture selection, suture pattern, needle type, omental flap coverage, serosal patching
Complications addressed:
Leakage, peritonitis, short bowel syndrome, mucosal eversion
Anatomical focus:
Small intestine, mesenteric border, antimesenteric border, greater omentum
Authors:
Yan Xu; Yong-Li Dai; Hong Lei; Ying-Lun Yuan; Tian-Le Hu; Xia Wei; Lin-Mei Guo; Yong-Mei Lan
Corresponding Authors:
Lin-Mei Guo; Yong-Mei Lan
Study Period:
November 2024–March 2025
Location:
Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Type of Document:
Original research article
Field:
Paediatric medicine; Microbiology; Clinical immunology
Study Population:
Children aged 3–14 years
Sample Size:
90 participants (30 MPP; 30 NMP; 30 healthy controls)
Methods:
16S rRNA sequencing; serum trace element detection; clinical laboratory analysis
Ethics Approval:
Approved by hospital ethics committee (2024KY22213)
Keywords:
16S rRNA; children; iron; intestinal flora; Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; zinc
Document type:
Supplementary material
Components:
Supplementary Figures; Supplementary Table; Supplementary references
Figures included:
Figure S1; Figure S2; Figure S3; Figure S4
Table included:
Table S1
Research topic:
Gut microbiota, intestinal inflammation and ulcerative colitis in murine models
Experimental subjects:
Mice
Biological focus:
Colonic tissue; intestinal barrier function; immune response; gut microbiota at genus level
Analytical methods mentioned:
Western blot; immunoblot; densitometric analysis
Key elements:
SCR-CDs synthesis; organ weight measurement; bacterial genera classification as beneficial or harmful; associated pathological states
Referenced conditions:
Ulcerative colitis; inflammatory bowel disease; colitis
Cited works:
Peer-reviewed journal articles with DOIs listed
Year:
Not specified
Region / City:
Basel, Switzerland
Field:
Parasitology
Document Type:
Supplementary scientific protocol and validation data
Institution:
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (SwissTPH)
Department:
National Reference Centre for Parasitology
Methodology:
Real-time PCR using TaqMan probe assays
Assay Format:
Six duplex real-time PCR reactions and one simplex reaction
Target Organisms:
Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium spp., Cryptosporidium hominis/parvum, Microsporidia (Encephalitozoon spp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi), Entamoeba moshkovskii, Entamoeba polecki, Dientamoeba fragilis, Giardia lamblia, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Cystoisospora belli, Blastocystis sp.
Gene Target:
18S rRNA gene
Sample Type:
Human stool samples
Validation Material:
Plasmids with sequence inserts and clinical samples
Analytical Sensitivity:
1–10 plasmids/µl depending on assay
Diagnostic Sensitivity:
Reported up to 100% for validated assays
Specificity:
100% for tested organisms during validation
Laboratory Method:
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)
Thermocycling Profile:
50 °C for 2 min, 95 °C for 10 min, followed by 40 cycles of 95 °C for 15 s and 58 °C for 1 min
DNA Extraction Material:
Approximately 1 g stool aliquots stored at −80 °C prior to molecular analysis
Reagents:
GeneExpression Mastermix (Thermo Fisher Scientific), primers and TaqMan probes
Year:
2021
Region / City:
New York, NY, USA
Subject:
Endocrinology, Metabolism
Document Type:
Research Article
Organization / Institution:
Columbia University, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University
Authors:
Rossana M. Calderon, Christopher A. Smith, Emily L. Miedzybrodzka, Josie A. Silvaroli, Marcin Golczak, Fiona M. Gribble, Frank Reimann, William S. Blaner
Target Audience:
Researchers, medical professionals, endocrinologists
Period of Action:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
2021-01-01
Date of Changes:
N/A
Keywords:
Retinol-binding protein 2, Retinoids, Enteroendocrine cells, GIP, GLP-1, Obesity, Glucose intolerance, Metabolic diseases
Abstract:
Retinol-binding protein 2 (RBP2) is essential for enteroendocrine cell function in the intestine, influencing the secretion of incretins such as GIP and GLP-1, and plays a critical role in metabolic processes like glucose homeostasis and obesity.