№ files_lp_4_process_2_39001
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This laboratory experiment involves predicting and measuring the cooling effect of various liquids by examining the relationship between their evaporation rates and molecular properties such as molar mass, polarity, and intermolecular forces.
Year:
2026
Region / city:
Laboratory
Subject:
Chemistry
Document Type:
Laboratory Experiment
Organization:
Educational Institution
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Students
Period of Validity:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Modifications:
Not specified
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The product description is provided for reference. Actual content and formatting may differ slightly.
Year:
2018
Note:
Region / City
Subject:
Chemistry, Education
Document Type:
Educational Article
Organization / Institution:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Target Audience:
Educators, Students
Context:
Educational article focusing on the techniques of evaporation, filtration, and crystallisation, with connections to the National Curriculum and various GCSE specifications.
Note:
Year
Topic:
Laboratory Safety
Document Type:
Standard Operating Procedure
Target Audience:
Laboratory Personnel
Title:
Supplementary Information for Highly Selective Synthesis of Interlocked Carbazole-based Cages and Their Application in Solar-driven Water Evaporation
Authors:
Ming-Yu Lu; Jian-Xin Yang; Ya-Ning Xu; Yin-Hang Chai; Xiao-Qian Wan; Ying Zhao; Dan Tian; Francisco Aznarez; Li-Long Dang; Lu-Fang Ma
Affiliations:
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, P. R. China; College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
Corresponding authors:
Ying Zhao; Dan Tian; Li-Long Dang
Document type:
Supplementary information
Subject area:
Chemistry; Supramolecular chemistry; Materials science
Content:
Experimental procedures, synthesis of compounds 1–4, NMR spectra, elemental analysis, near-infrared photothermal conversion research, water contact test, X-ray crystallography details
Compounds described:
Molecular-tweezer-like complexes 1–3; Tetranuclear macrocycle 4
Analytical methods:
1H NMR spectroscopy; elemental analysis; X-ray crystallography
Instrumentation:
Bruker AVANCE I 400 spectrometer; Elementar Vario EL III analyzer
Reagents and materials:
AgOTf; [Cp*RhCl2]2; various dihydroxyquinone and benzimidazole derivatives; pyridine ligand L1
Year:
2023
Region / City:
N/A
Topic:
Science Experiment
Document Type:
Educational Guide
Institution:
N/A
Author:
N/A
Target Audience:
Students, Educators
Duration:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Modification Date:
N/A
Note:
Year
Topic:
Separation techniques
Document type:
Educational text
Target audience:
Students
Context:
Describes the processes of filtration, evaporation, and crystallisation used to separate mixtures into their components.
Year:
1965
Region / City:
Not specified
Topic:
Electron microscopy, carbon and gold evaporation, support films
Document type:
Instruction manual
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Pease, Kay
Target audience:
Researchers in electron microscopy
Effective date:
Not specified
Date of approval:
Not specified
Date of changes:
Not specified
Year:
Not specified
Region / City:
Not specified
Topic:
Intermolecular forces, types of bonds
Document Type:
Educational material
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Students, chemistry learners
Effective Date:
Not specified
Date of Approval:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Note:
Context
Note:
Year
Topic:
Intermolecular Forces
Document type:
Lab Report
Contextual description:
Formal lab report on investigating intermolecular forces through the lava lamp experiment.
Document Type:
Educational worksheet
Title:
Student Exploration: Polarity and Intermolecular Forces
Subject:
Chemistry
Topic:
Bond polarity and intermolecular forces
Educational Level:
Secondary education
Activity Sections:
Prior Knowledge Questions; Activity A: Bond Polarity; Activity B: Molecular Polarity
Key Concepts:
Dipole; Electronegativity; Ionic bond; Polar covalent bond; Nonpolar covalent bond; Intermolecular forces
Named Resource:
Polarity and Intermolecular Forces Gizmo
Intended Audience:
Students
Instructional Format:
Guided inquiry with simulations and classification tasks
Scientific Focus:
Relationship between electronegativity differences, bond types, and molecular polarity
Year:
2026
Subject:
Chemistry
Topic:
Intermolecular forces
Document type:
Educational webquest
Target audience:
High school or introductory college students
Author:
Unknown
Duration:
One class period
Related concepts:
States of matter, polarity, hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals forces
Required materials:
Internet access, drawing tools, chemistry textbooks
Learning objectives:
Understand types of intermolecular forces and their effects on physical properties
Subject:
Chemistry
Topic:
Covalent bonding and intermolecular forces
Document type:
Examination questions
Educational level:
Secondary / pre-university chemistry
Question format:
Multiple choice and short-answer questions
Assessment structure:
Marked questions with allocated marks
Key concepts:
Electronegativity, Lewis structures, molecular shape, hydrogen bonding, polarity, boiling point, vapour pressure
Compounds referenced:
NH4+, SO2, NH3, H2O, CH4, benzene (C6H6), ethoxyethane (CH3CH2OCH2CH3), ethanol (C2H5OH), methoxymethane (CH3OCH3)
Skills assessed:
Conceptual understanding of bonding, interpretation of graphs, comparison of intermolecular forces, molecular geometry analysis
Year:
2016–2017
Subject:
Chemistry
Topic:
Properties of liquids and solids; intermolecular forces; vapor pressure; evaporation; boiling; heat of fusion and vaporization
Document type:
Educational worksheet set
Course:
Honors Chemistry
Section titles:
WS 12.1 Properties of Liquids and Solids; WS 12.2–12.4 Intermolecular Forces; WS 12.5 Evaporation and Boiling
Educational level:
Secondary education (advanced / honors level)
Content format:
Conceptual questions and calculation problems
Number of pages:
8
Key concepts:
Viscosity; surface tension; volatility; vapor pressure; hydrogen bonding; London dispersion forces; dipole interactions; boiling point trends; phase change energetics
Scientific topics referenced:
Kinetic molecular theory; intermolecular attraction strength; thermodynamic quantities of phase changes
Year:
2025
Region / City:
N/A
Topic:
Project Management, Operator Qualification
Document Type:
Checklist
Organization / Institution:
Kinder Morgan
Author:
N/A
Target Audience:
Project Managers, Contractors
Period of Validity:
N/A
Approval Date:
08/07/2025
Modification Date:
N/A
Year:
2025
Region / city:
Australia
Topic:
Metrological and technical requirements for dynamic measuring systems for liquids other than water
Document type:
Draft for consultation
Author:
National Measurement Institute
Target audience:
Industry professionals, regulatory bodies
Period of validity:
June 2025 (Draft version)
Date of approval:
January 1977 (First edition)
Date of changes:
May 1979 (First revision), November 1981 (Second revision), July 1988 (Second edition), December 1996 (Third edition), July 2004 (Third edition, first revision), June 2011 (Third edition, second revision)
This document outlines the metrological and technical requirements for measuring systems used for liquids other than water subject to legal control in Australia, and includes updates to the O:
2019 standard.
Document type:
Emergency response plan
Hazard type:
Water and liquid damage
Scope:
Facility operations and property protection
Purpose:
Actions before, during and after liquid damage events
Organization:
Not specified
Site name:
Not specified
Region / location:
Not specified
Revision date:
Not specified
Emergency response team roles:
Facilities management, building engineering, maintenance, security, claims coordination
Systems covered:
Domestic water, fire protection, HVAC condensate, steam, roof drainage
Related procedures:
FM Red Tag Permit System
Attachments referenced:
Facility maps, water pipe maps, fire protection valve lists, contractor and insurance contacts
Operational status:
Internal operational document
Note:
Year
Subject:
Science
Document Type:
Worksheet
Target Audience:
Students
Note:
Year
Context:
This document outlines basic concepts in chemistry, particularly related to states of matter, solvents, and exposure risks in various environments.
Year:
2023
Region / City:
N/A
Topic:
Science Experiment
Document Type:
Educational Guide
Institution:
N/A
Author:
N/A
Target Audience:
Students, Educators
Duration:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Modification Date:
N/A
Authors:
Lillian Ma; Cally J. E. Haynes; Angela B. Grommet; Anna Walczak; Christopher C. Parkins; Cara M. Doherty; Louis Longley; Arnaud Tron; Artur R. Stefankiewicz; Thomas D. Bennett; Jonathan R. Nitschke
Affiliated institutions:
University of Cambridge; University College London; Adam Mickiewicz University; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Academic field:
Chemistry; Materials Science
Research area:
Porous liquids and coordination cages
Type of document:
Scientific research article
Studied materials:
Tetrahedral Zn4L4 coordination cage; PEG-imidazolium functionalised cages
Chemical compounds mentioned:
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11); Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12); Chlorotrifluoromethane (CFC-13); Butanol and propanol isomers
Methodology:
Synthesis of coordination cages; NMR spectroscopy; rheological analysis
Temperature conditions studied:
25–100 °C
State of material:
Ionic liquid with permanent porosity
Guest molecules investigated:
Chlorofluorocarbons and alcohol isomers
Scientific focus:
Molecular encapsulation and size- and shape-selective binding in porous liquids
Corresponding authors:
Thomas D. Bennett; Jonathan R. Nitschke
Subject:
Measurement of mass, volume, and density
Discipline:
Chemistry / Physical Science
Document Type:
Laboratory worksheet
Purpose:
Determination of mass, volume, and density using direct and indirect measurement techniques
Measurement Methods:
Graduated cylinder readings, water displacement, balance measurement
Measured Substances:
Water and glass marbles
Equipment:
Graduated cylinder, dropper, electronic or triple-beam balance, beaker
Units of Measurement:
Milliliter (mL), gram (g), liter (L)
Experimental Sections:
Direct measurement of liquid volume; indirect measurement of solid volume by water displacement; direct measurement of solid mass; indirect measurement of liquid mass
Calculated Quantities:
Average number of drops per milliliter, volume of a marble, mass of a marble, density of a marble, density of water
Target Audience:
Students performing laboratory measurements