№ files_lp_4_process_3_085088
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Educational microbiology text describing the structural components of prokaryotic cells with emphasis on bacterial cell wall composition, Gram-positive and Gram-negative differences, extracellular layers, and flagellar organization.
Field:
Microbiology
Topic:
Structure of prokaryotic cells
Document type:
Educational text
Biological subjects:
Prokaryotes, bacteria
Main concepts:
Cell wall, peptidoglycan, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, glycocalyx, capsule, slime layer, flagellum
Cell structures described:
Cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleoid, periplasmic space, glycocalyx, capsule, slime layer, S layer, flagellum
Chemical components:
Peptidoglycan, N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM), N-acetylglucosamine (NAG), lipopolysaccharides, lipid A, teichoic acids, lipoteichoic acid
Bacterial classifications discussed:
Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, wall-less bacterial forms
Associated biological processes:
Gram staining, bacterial motility, biofilm formation, immune interaction
Bacterial examples mentioned:
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus
Special bacterial forms:
Protoplasts, spheroplasts, L-form bacteria
Key cellular appendage:
Flagellum
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Year:
2023
Region / City:
Global
Topic:
Biology, Cell Comparison
Document Type:
Educational Material
Author:
Unspecified
Target Audience:
Students, Educators
Period of Validity:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
Unspecified
Revision Date:
Unspecified
Year:
2021
Region / City:
United Kingdom
Subject:
Health economics, antimicrobial evaluation
Document type:
Final report
Organization / Institution:
Centre for Health Economics, University of York; Health Economics and Decision Science, University of Sheffield
Author:
Sue Harnan, Ben Kearns, Alison Scope, Laetitia Schmitt, Dina Jankovic, Jean Hamilton, Ruth Wong, Tushar Srivastava, Harry Hill, Chu Chang Ku, Kate Ren, Claire Rothery, Laura Bojke, Mark Sculpher, Beth Woods
Target audience:
Healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers
Period of validity:
2016 - ongoing
Approval date:
October 2021
Date of last modification:
October 2021
Document type:
Supplementary material
Scientific field:
Molecular biology
Research focus:
Anticalin selection and affinity maturation
Target protein:
Membrane-bound Hsp70
Methodology:
Bacterial surface display
Techniques:
FACS screening, affinity maturation, directed evolution, SPR, CD spectroscopy, flow cytometry
Biological models:
E. coli, FaDu cells, OPM-2 cells
Authors:
Lars Friedrich; Petra Kornberger; Claudia T. Mendler; Gabriele Multhoff; Markus Schwaiger; Arne Skerra
Figures included:
Figures S1–S7
Related publication:
Main research article on Anticalin selection against Hsp70
Experimental scope:
In vitro binding analysis and cellular characterization
Document type:
Laboratory exercise instructions
Subject area:
Microbiology
Educational level:
Undergraduate laboratory
Focus:
Bacterial growth media and culturing techniques
Topics covered:
Normal flora, aseptic technique, selective and differential media, colony morphology, hemolysis
Media discussed:
TSY agar, MacConkey’s agar, Mannitol Salt agar, Blood agar
Biological concepts:
Normal flora, bacterial colonies, hemolysis, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Laboratory context:
Teaching laboratory
Associated organisms:
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae
Intended audience:
Students enrolled in a microbiology laboratory course
Temporal context:
Multi-week laboratory sequence
Instructional purpose:
Observation and analysis of bacterial growth on culture media
Year:
2023
Region / City:
Not specified
Topic:
Microbiology, Genetic Engineering
Document Type:
Supplementary Information
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Wolf M, Geczi A, Simon O, Borriss R
Target Audience:
Researchers in microbiology and genetic engineering
Effective Period:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Year:
2026
Institution:
University of Leicester
College:
College of Life Sciences
School/Department:
LeMID
Funding:
CLS / HPRU Grant studentship
First Supervisor:
Prof Julie Morrissey
Second Supervisor:
Dr Emma Marczylo, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)
Additional Supervisors:
Kate Jones, Health and Safety Executive; Emma-Jane Goode
Project Type:
PhD research project
Field:
Microbiology / Public Health
Focus:
Metal exposure, bacterial persistence, antimicrobial resistance
Target Organisms:
Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA)
Training Provided:
Molecular microbiology, tissue culture, omics, microscopy
Collaborating Organizations:
Health Protection Research Unit, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Health and Safety Executive, UKHSA
Note:
Year
Topic:
Blood culture, bacterial infection, microbiology
Document type:
Procedure
Target audience:
Medical professionals, laboratory technicians
Year:
2023
Region / City:
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Subject:
Bacterial diversity, chemical ecology, natural products
Document Type:
Scientific Research Paper
Organization / Institution:
University of Utah, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego
Author:
Elijah R. Bring Horvath, William J. Brazelton, Min Cheol Kim, Reiko Cullum, Matthew A. Mulvey, William Fenical, Jaclyn M. Winter
Target Audience:
Researchers in microbiology, marine biology, and chemical ecology
Period of Validity:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
Year:
2018
Region / City:
Not specified
Topic:
Gene expression in biofilm and planktonic bacteria
Document type:
Scientific article
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Researchers in microbiology and molecular biology
Effective period:
Not specified
Approval date:
Not specified
Modification date:
Not specified
Document type:
Supporting information
Related article title:
Organic fertilizers shape the bacterial communities harboring pqqC and phoD genes by altering organic acids, leading to improved phosphorus utilization
Authors:
Liying Zhi; Bangxiao Zheng; Yunjie Xu; Jiayang Xu; Josep Peñuelas; Jordi Sardans; Yixiao Chang; Shuquan Jin; Hong Ying; Kai Ding
Affiliations:
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China; Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wencheng, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Institute of Ecological Environment, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China; Yangtze Delta Region Healthy Agricultural Institute (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd, Tongxiang, China
Number of pages:
12
Number of figures:
9
Number of tables:
5
Subject area:
Soil microbiology
Keywords:
organic fertilizer; inorganic fertilizer; pqqC gene; phoD gene; bacterial community; soil physicochemical properties; organic acids; phosphorus activation rate
Experimental design:
Fertilizer treatment groups including chemical and organic amendments
Analytical methods:
PCOA based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity; Spearman correlation analysis; quantitative PCR; soil physicochemical and enzyme assays
Gene targets:
16S rRNA; pqqC; phoD
Measured parameters:
Soil pH; SOC; TN; TP; TK; AN; AP; AK; organic acid content; enzyme activities (ACP, ALP)
Year:
2006
Region / city:
Los Angeles, California
Subject:
Water quality, bacteria standards
Document type:
Amendment
Authority / institution:
Regional Water Quality Control Board, State Water Resources Control Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Environmental professionals, policymakers, water quality regulators
Effective period:
June 8, 2006, and subsequent revisions
Approval date:
June 8, 2006
Revision date:
June 7, 2012, and later revisions
Context:
This document presents the revision of the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for bacterial indicator densities in water bodies in the Los Angeles region, with specific provisions for different water types and recreation uses.
Year:
Not specified
Region / City:
Not specified
Subject:
Bacterial meningitis diagnosis
Document type:
Laboratory protocol / Standard operating procedure
Institution:
Not specified
Target audience:
Laboratory personnel / medical staff
Specimen type:
Cerebrospinal fluid
Methods included:
Cell counts, macroscopic examination, Gram staining, Giemsa staining, India ink staining
Applicable age groups:
Neonates, infants, children, adults, immunocompromised
Pathogens covered:
Group B Streptococci, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus suis
Safety precautions:
Class II biosafety cabinet use, aseptic handling
Reference tables/appendices:
Appendix 1 (normal CSF cell counts), Table 1 (organism identification)
Laboratory equipment:
Fuchs-Rosenthal counting chamber, centrifuge, microscope
Year:
2023
Region / city:
Seattle, WA, USA
Topic:
Microbiology, Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases
Document type:
Research Article
Organization / institution:
University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Author:
Kayla A. Carter, Molly D. Fischer, Mariya I. Petrova, Jennifer E. Balkus
Target audience:
Researchers, Public Health Professionals
Period of validity:
Not specified
Date of approval:
Not specified
Date of changes:
Not specified
Year:
2023
Region / City:
UK
Theme:
Medical Treatment, Patient Care
Document Type:
Patient Assessment Form, Medical Protocol
Organization:
NHS Pharmacy First Scotland
Author:
NHS Pharmacy
Target Audience:
Healthcare Professionals, Pharmacists
Effective Period:
Indefinite
Approval Date:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
Treatment Method:
Flucloxacillin administration
Exclusion Criteria:
Hypersensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics, recent antibiotic use for the same condition, pregnancy, and several other medical conditions
Medicines Supplied:
Flucloxacillin capsules, oral solution
Instructions for Use:
Dosage guidance, patient advice checklist
Patient Information:
Consent required for treatment
Confidentiality Notice:
Yes
Contact:
GP practice and pharmacy details
Year:
2021
Region / City:
Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Subject:
Structural Biology, RNA Biomedicine
Document Type:
Research Paper
Organization:
University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute, Single Molecule Analysis Group, Biophysics Program
Authors:
Adrien Chauvier, Jason C. Porta, Indrajit Deb, Emily Ellinger, Aaron T. Frank, Melanie D. Ohi, Nils G. Walter
Target Audience:
Researchers in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology
Period of Validity:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Modification Date:
N/A
Document type:
Technical approval schedule
Appendix:
Appendix A
Subject area:
Structural design standards
Infrastructure type:
Highway bridges and structures
Standards framework:
Eurocodes and UK National Annexes
Jurisdiction:
United Kingdom
Responsible role:
Designer
Referenced standards bodies:
British Standards Institution, CEN
Applicable disciplines:
Structural engineering
Scope of documents:
Basis of design, actions on structures, concrete structures, steel structures
Revision status:
Revisions current as of 23 July 2024
Validity period:
Various standards valid until 30 March 2028
Superseding standards:
Referenced where applicable
Associated guidance:
CD 350
Year:
2021
Region / City:
Charleston County, South Carolina
Topic:
Building Permit Application, Zoning, Construction Plans
Document Type:
Checklist
Author:
Charleston County Government
Target Audience:
Contractors, Homeowners, Design Professionals
Period of Validity:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Amendment Date:
Not specified
Year:
Not specified
Region / city:
Not specified
Topic:
Zoning laws, land use regulations
Document type:
Legal text
Authority:
Not specified
Author:
Not specified
Target audience:
Legal professionals, urban planners, municipal authorities
Effective period:
Not specified
Date of approval:
Not specified
Date of amendments:
Not specified
Context description:
This legal text outlines specific conditions and exceptions under zoning ordinances related to existing structures, uses, and permits in the context of subdivision planning and amendments.
Year:
[Year]
Region / City:
[Region]
Theme:
Roadworks, Structures, Tender Information
Document Type:
Tender Document
Organization / Institution:
[Principal’s Name]
Author:
[Author]
Target Audience:
Tenderers
Period of Validity:
[Start Date] - [End Date]
Approval Date:
[Approval Date]
Date of Changes:
[Change Date]