№ lp_1_2_29424
File format: docx
Character count: 4626
File size: 213 KB
This document provides an exercise in creating a causal loop diagram to analyze a fish production and market system, identifying key variables and feedback loops.
Note:
Year
Organization / institution:
National Centre for Research Methods (NCRM)
Price: 8 / 10 USD
The file will be delivered to the email address provided at checkout within 12 hours.
The file will be delivered to the email address provided at checkout within 12 hours.
Don’t have cryptocurrency yet?
You can still complete your purchase in a few minutes:- Buy Crypto in a trusted app (Coinbase, Kraken, Cash App or any similar service).
- In the app, tap Send.
- Select network, paste our wallet address.
- Send the exact amount shown above.
The final amount may vary slightly depending on the payment method.
The file will be sent to the email address provided at checkout within 24 hours.
The product description is provided for reference. Actual content and formatting may differ slightly.
Year:
2025-2027
Region / City:
Aberdeen
Subject:
Community Learning and Development (CLD)
Document Type:
Strategic Plan
Organization:
Education Authority
Author:
Unknown
Target Audience:
Education and community stakeholders
Period of Validity:
2025-2027
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Year:
2026
Region / City:
Scotland
Topic:
Community Learning and Development (CLD)
Document Type:
Application Form
Organization / Institution:
CLD Standards Council
Author:
CLD Standards Council
Target Audience:
Professionals in the field of Community Learning and Development
Effective Period:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
Not specified
Amendment Date:
Not specified
Note:
Year
Subject:
Causal loop diagrams, system thinking, electric vehicles, fisheries sustainability
Document Type:
Tutorial / Educational Video
Author:
Freya Palmer
Target Audience:
Researchers, policy makers, environmental scientists
Year:
2023
Region / city:
UK
Topic:
Addiction, Behavioral Health, Public Health Systems
Document Type:
Academic Assignment
Organization:
UK-based health research organization
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Students
Period of validity:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of changes:
Not specified
Note:
Year
Subject:
Causal loop diagrams, system thinking, electric vehicles, fisheries sustainability
Document Type:
Tutorial / Educational Video
Author:
Freya Palmer
Target Audience:
Researchers, policy makers, environmental scientists
Year:
1998–2016
Region / Country:
United Kingdom
Subject:
Epidemiology, Causal Inference, Psychosocial Measurement
Document Type:
Research Supplement / eAppendix
Institution:
Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)
Authors:
Bhaskaran et al.
Population:
Never-smokers aged 16 and above
Methodology:
Proportional hazards modeling with covariate adjustment
Variables:
BMI, age, sex, alcohol use, diabetes, socioeconomic status, calendar period
Outcome:
10-year mortality risk
Analytical Framework:
Multiple Versions of Treatment (MVT) theory
Year:
2026
Region / City:
Global
Topic:
Genetic research, Chronic inflammation, Genome-wide association studies
Document Type:
Research Supplement
Organization / Institution:
Multiple academic institutions
Author:
Multiple contributors
Target Audience:
Researchers, Scientists, Medical professionals
Period of validity:
Ongoing
Date of Approval:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
Year:
Not specified
Field:
Health Psychology Research
Document Type:
Academic Appendix / Methodological Tutorial
Authors:
Shu Xu; Donna L. Coffman; George Luta; Raymond S. Niaura
Affiliations:
New York University; University of South Carolina; Georgetown University; Aarhus University; The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital
Journal Submission:
Health Psychology
Research Method:
Causal Mediation Analysis
Software:
R
Statistical Packages:
mediation; medflex; lavaan
Dataset:
PATH data
Variables Type:
Binary Variables
Statistical Models:
Logistic Regression Models for Mediator and Outcome
Sample Size:
7511
Analysis Outputs:
Natural Direct Effects; Natural Indirect Effects; Total Effect; Proportion Mediated
Identifiers:
ORCID IDs for all authors
Note:
Year
Contextual description:
A scientific paper presenting supplementary methods related to polygenic analysis and causal inference in the relationship between loneliness, isolation, and schizophrenia.
Year:
2026
Region / City:
Global
Subject:
Business Analysis, Software Architecture
Document Type:
Educational Resource
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Business Analysts, Software Engineers
Period of Validity:
Not specified
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Note:
Year
Topic:
Software Architecture
Document Type:
Educational Material
Target Audience:
Students, Software Developers
MVC is a software design pattern used to separate an application into three layers:
model, view, and controller, simplifying development, testing, and maintenance by clearly defining the roles and interactions of each component.
Note:
Year
Topic:
Software Development, System Analysis
Document Type:
Instructional Guide
Target Audience:
Business Analysts, Software Developers, Stakeholders
Note:
Year
Theme:
IT / Technology, Environmental, Patients, Equipment / Supplies, Staff / People
Document Type:
Diagram
Subject:
Solid-state physics
Topic:
Electrical conductivity of solids
Key Concepts:
Valence band, Conduction band, Forbidden energy gap
Materials Covered:
Insulators, Semiconductors, Conductors
Subtopics:
Intrinsic semiconductor, Extrinsic semiconductor, n-type semiconductor, p-type semiconductor, P–N junction
Physical Parameters:
Electrical conductivity (S/cm), Energy gap (eV)
Examples Mentioned:
Diamond, Silicon, Germanium, Silver, Copper, Aluminum
Processes Discussed:
Doping, Thermal excitation, Charge carrier conduction
Applications Referenced:
Diodes, Transistors, Solar cells, LEDs, Integrated circuits
Source Type:
Educational physics notes
Note:
Year
Topic:
Virus life cycle
Document type:
Educational material
Target audience:
Students, educators
Year:
2021
Region / City:
N/A
Topic:
Networking
Document Type:
Technical Specification
Organization / Institution:
HomePlug Alliance
Author:
N/A
Target Audience:
Engineers, Network Designers
Period of Effect:
N/A
Approval Date:
N/A
Date of Changes:
N/A
Note:
Year
Theme:
Plant genetics, gene expression, transgenics
Document type:
Research article
Target audience:
Researchers in plant genetics and biotechnology
Note:
Year
Subject:
Causal loop diagrams, system thinking, electric vehicles, fisheries sustainability
Document Type:
Tutorial / Educational Video
Author:
Freya Palmer
Target Audience:
Researchers, policy makers, environmental scientists
Test SensitivityTP/TP+FN SpecificityTN/FP+TN PPVTP/TP+FP NPVTN/TN+FN Limitations USC pathway1 80.4% 47.2% 3.5% 99.0% low no’s of confirmed CRCAUC=0.65 Raman-CRC blood test* 85.7% 68% 14% 98.7:
//doi.org/10.1111/apt.13846
2. Lung PF, Burling D, Kallarackel L, et al. Implementation of a new CT colonography service:
5 year experience. Clin Radiol. 2014; 69(6): 597-605. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2014.01.007.3. Bowles CJ, Leicester R, Romaya C, et al. A prospective study of colonoscopy practice in the UK today: are we adequately prepared for national colorectal cancer screening tomorrow? Gut 2004; 53: 277-283.1) Can you describe the current colorectal cancer USC referral pathway?What are your perceptions of it? (Prompt: memorised or need to refer to it, makes secondary care the gatekeeper for tests, NICE criteria, timeliness, capacity, reassurance to have a guideline to follow, ignores GP’s ‘instinct’)2) Experience of the timeframe from referral to colonoscopy/CTC? How do you manage patient’s expectation? Frequency of repeat consultations between referral and test being done?(Prompt: 37 days average)3) Do you consider your personal volume of USC pathway referrals to be just right, too few, or too many?(Prompt: how much does knowledge of waiting times and resource capacity affect your likelihood to refer a patient? 4). If resources weren’t a problem and if you could wave a magic wand tomorrow what do you think we should do about improving outcomes from CRC? What do you perceive are the barriers to early diagnosis of CRC?(Prompt: Wales is 22nd of 28 in the European league table of CRC survival, screening problems, resources, effective tests, patient choice, patient education). Perception of need for better access to diagnostics in primary care (invasive and non-invasive)5). Which situation would the Raman-CRC blood test be of most value to a GP:-non-specific symptoms? eg constipation, abdominal pain -younger age group below USC age? -all USC patients? What would a USC pathway look like with Raman-CRC embedded? -should it be a secondary care tool ie decision to perform colonoscopy or not: help with triage/prioritisation of referral in secondary care6). Given the Raman-CRC test performance described (on vignette sheet) would you have confidence to use it? If not, what sens/spec/PPV/NPV would it need to have?(Prompt: to seek to understand what is most important for a GP, ability to exclude (NPV) or to correctly identify cancer (PPV))7).What additional clinical trials would you like to see with the blood test before implementation?Further observational work with larger numbers/centres/situations?Release test for use and observe outcomes? RCT test v no test?Comparison with FIT?NICE guidance?1) Can you describe the current colorectal cancer USC referral pathway?What are your perceptions of it? (Prompt: memorised or need to refer to it, makes secondary care the gatekeeper for tests, NICE criteria, timeliness, capacity, reassurance to have a guideline to follow, ignores GP’s ‘instinct’)2) Experience of the timeframe from referral to colonoscopy/CTC? How do you manage patient’s expectation? Frequency of repeat consultations between referral and test being done?(Prompt: 37 days average)3) Do you consider your personal volume of USC pathway referrals to be just right, too few, or too many?(Prompt: how much does knowledge of waiting times and resource capacity affect your likelihood to refer a patient? 4). If resources weren’t a problem and if you could wave a magic wand tomorrow what do you think we should do about improving outcomes from CRC? What do you perceive are the barriers to early diagnosis of CRC?(Prompt: Wales is 22nd of 28 in the European league table of CRC survival, screening problems, resources, effective tests, patient choice, patient education). Perception of need for better access to diagnostics in primary care (invasive and non-invasive)5). Which situation would the Raman-CRC blood test be of most value to a GP:-non-specific symptoms? eg constipation, abdominal pain -younger age group below USC age? -all USC patients? What would a USC pathway look like with Raman-CRC embedded? -should it be a secondary care tool ie decision to perform colonoscopy or not: help with triage/prioritisation of referral in secondary care6). Given the Raman-CRC test performance described (on vignette sheet) would you have confidence to use it? If not, what sens/spec/PPV/NPV would it need to have?(Prompt: to seek to understand what is most important for a GP, ability to exclude (NPV) or to correctly identify cancer (PPV))7).What additional clinical trials would you like to see with the blood test before implementation?Further observational work with larger numbers/centres/situations?Release test for use and observe outcomes? RCT test v no test?Comparison with FIT?NICE guidance?Box S1. GP focus group questions.VIGNETTESAssumptions: Colonoscopy/CTC capacity is the same as present Raman-CRC blood test is routinely available under local guidelines.Raman-CRC test performance is 85.7% sensitivity, 68% specificity, 14% PPV, 98.7% NPV, based on interim analysis of 120 cases and controls.1. 60 y.o. male presents with tiredness. His wife (also in the practice) diagnosed with breast cancer a year ago and just completing adjuvant chemotherapy. He has had time off work himself when she has been ill with side effects. On deeper questioning he describes 6 weeks of increased stool frequency (usually once/day, now 3 times per day). No history of rectal bleeding or mucous, abdominal pain or weight loss. Doesn’t smoke. Abdominal and rectal examinations are normal. Simple diagnostics show he is not anaemic and a stool culture is negative.a) Refer to secondary care on USC pathway without further testingb) Request Raman-CRC blood test to risk stratifyc) Involve patient in decision making? Explore patient expectations/underlying concerns....d) Other?2. A 50 year old patient who is a frequent attender describes three or four episodes of rectal bleeding. This is fresh blood, noticed in the toilet water. No anal pain or itching. No change on bowel habit. Appetite and weight stable. On citalopram for anxiety. No relevant family history. Abdominal examination: appendicectomy scar, nil else. Rectal exam: small skin tags, no masses felt, no blood on glove, no proctoscope available. FBC normal. Action?3. 45 year old female patient, complains of tiredness and self limiting looser stools for 3 weeks, but does have a FH of bowel cancer. Examination normal.Decision made to perform a Raman-CRC blood test. The test returns positive 2 days later. How would you go about discussing this with the patient in the fol