№ files_lp_3_process_7_088816
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Legal questionnaire compiling translated provisions of the Syrian Penal Code concerning rape and related sexual offences, outlining definitions, penalties, age thresholds, and the exclusion of marital rape from criminalization.
Country:
Syrian Arab Republic
Region:
Syria
Subject:
Criminalization and prosecution of rape and serious sexual violence
Type of document:
Legal questionnaire with excerpts of statutory provisions
Legal framework:
Penal Code; Criminal Procedure Code; Personal Status Law
Chapter reference:
Chapter Seven, Section One – Assault on Honor
Relevant articles:
Articles 489–497, 499–502, 505–506 of the Penal Code
Offences covered:
Rape; sexual intercourse without consent; intercourse with minors; indecent acts; abduction for marriage or indecent purposes; abuse of authority for sexual purposes
Definition basis:
Lack of consent; use of violence or threat; age of the victim; abuse of authority
Marital rape status:
Not considered a crime; excluded as part of husband’s rights under marriage contract
Age of sexual consent:
15 years (with additional protections up to 18 years in cases of authority or guardianship)
Marriage age:
18 years under the Personal Status Law, subject to judicial exception
Penalties:
Imprisonment at hard labour; increased minimum terms in aggravating circumstances; death penalty in specified cases
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The product description is provided for reference. Actual content and formatting may differ slightly.
Type of document:
Presentation
Subject:
Penal reform and prison policy in Ireland
Country:
Ireland
Organ addressed:
All-Party Oireachtas Group on Penal Reform
Referenced institutions:
Irish Prison Service; Department of Justice; Statutory Parole Board
Referenced reports:
Report of the Sub-Committee on Penal Reform (2013); Annual Report of the Irish Prison Service (2021)
Time period discussed:
1963–2021
Key themes:
Decarceration; Community service; Short-term imprisonment; Remission; Early release; Prison population trends; Open prisons; Prison conditions
Statistical data included:
Prison population figures; Committals under sentence; Fine defaulters; Recidivism findings
Geographical references:
Ireland; Finland
Date of original Sub-Committee establishment:
2011
Date of closure of St Patrick’s Institution:
2017
Year:
2023
Region / city:
Zambia
Subject:
Criminal law
Document type:
Legal Code
Organization / institution:
National Assembly of Zambia
Author:
National Assembly of Zambia
Target audience:
Legal professionals, legislators, law enforcement agencies
Period of validity:
Ongoing
Date of approval:
2023
Date of changes:
Ongoing updates
Year:
2022
Region / City:
Bahrain
Topic:
Data Protection in Legal Procedures
Document Type:
Legal Decision
Authority:
Ministry of Justice, Islamic Affairs and Waqf
Author:
Khalid bin Ali bin Abdullah Al Khalifa
Target Audience:
Entities and persons involved in processing penal lawsuit data
Validity Period:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
17 March 2022
Amendment Date:
N/A
Year:
1868
Location:
St Helena Island, Australia
Type of Document:
Historical record
Institution:
St Helena Penal Establishment
Author:
St Helena Island Community
Subject:
Prison discipline and punishments
Target Audience:
General public interested in historical penal practices
Duration of Punishment:
14 days
Date of Incident:
August 17, 1868
Method of Punishment:
Shot drill involving carrying an 11 kg cannonball
Year:
1976
Jurisdiction:
Bahrain
Type of document:
Legislative decree
Subject:
Penal Code
Issuing authority:
Amir of the State of Bahrain
Approving body:
Cabinet of Bahrain
Signed by:
Isa bin Sulman Al Khalifa
Effective date:
20 March 1976
Reference law:
Bahrain Penal Code 1955 and amendments
Scope:
Application of law in time and place, criminal responsibility, plea of justification
Language of official publication:
Arabic
Source type:
Government legal publication
Year:
1980
Region / City:
United States
Subject:
Law / Self-defense
Document Type:
Legal Text
Agency / Institution:
Penal Law System
Author:
Unknown
Target Audience:
Legal professionals, individuals involved in legal proceedings
Effective Date:
Sept. 1, 1980
Amendment Dates:
Jan. 2013, Feb. & July 2016, Jan. 2018, Oct. 2025
Year:
2002
Region / City:
Kingdom of Bahrain
Type of Document:
Legislative Decree / Law
Issuing Authority:
King of the Kingdom of Bahrain
Author:
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Approved By:
Council of Ministers
Prime Minister:
Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa
Defense Minister:
Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Khalifa
Publication Date:
25 September 2002
Effective Date:
Three months after publication in the Official Gazette
Target Audience:
Bahrain Defence Force personnel, military officers, reserve force, civilians attached to the Defence Force
Scope:
Military justice, regulations, and penalties for military personnel
Legal References:
Constitution of Bahrain; Law of Criminal Procedures of 1966; Military Provisions Law of 1968; Penal Code; Juvenile Law; Service of Officers and Personnel Laws; Reserve Force Law; Cassation Court Law
Document Type Classification:
Primary legal source
Year:
2003
Region / City:
Arvin
Topic:
Prisoner Rights, Sexual Abuse Prevention
Document Type:
Policy
Author:
Arvin Police Department
Target Audience:
Law Enforcement, Correctional Staff, Detainees
Effective Period:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
Not specified
Amendment Date:
Not specified
Year:
2019
Region / City:
Peabody, Massachusetts
Topic:
Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) Compliance
Document Type:
Audit Report
Agency:
Massachusetts Department of Youth Services
Author:
Kurt Pfisterer
Target Audience:
Youth Services, Juvenile Detention Facilities, PREA Compliance Officers
Period of Effect:
May 1, 2018 - May 1, 2019
Approval Date:
May 22, 2019
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Year:
2003
Region / City:
Okanogan County
Theme:
Juvenile detention, sexual abuse prevention
Document Type:
Policy
Organization:
Okanogan County Juvenile Detention Center
Author:
Okanogan County Department of Juvenile and Family Services
Target Audience:
Juvenile detention staff, volunteers, residents
Period of Validity:
Indefinite
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Modifications:
Not specified
Year:
2005
Region / City:
Arkansas
Theme:
Sexual Assault, Rape, Criminal Law
Document Type:
Court Ruling
Institution:
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit
Author:
N/A
Target Audience:
Legal professionals, Law students
Period of Action:
1996-1998
Approval Date:
March 07, 2005
Date of Changes:
N/A
Year:
2014
Region / City:
Dublin
Topic:
Sexual violence, counseling services
Document Type:
Memorandum of Association
Organization:
The Dublin Rape Crisis Centre
Author:
Not specified
Target Audience:
Not specified
Effective Period:
Ongoing
Approval Date:
Not specified
Amendment Date:
Not specified
Year:
2017
Region / city:
Sri Lanka
Topic:
Human Rights Violations, Torture, Abduction, Sexual Violence
Document Type:
Report
Organization / Institution:
International Truth and Justice Project (ITJP)
Author:
Yasmin Sooka
Target Audience:
International human rights bodies, governments, legal and investigative entities
Action Period:
2017
Approval Date:
13 November 2017
Modification Date:
Not provided
Year:
2013
Region / City:
United States
Topic:
Prison sexual abuse
Document Type:
Argumentative essay
Institution:
AP English class
Author:
Montanna Moore
Target Audience:
High school students and educators
Sources Cited:
abc NEWS, Cape Times, Just Detention International, Human Rights Watch
Date of Access:
28 Dec 2012 – 9 Jan 2013
Period Covered:
Early 21st century
Legal References:
U.S. federal law on sexual abuse and prison conduct
Institution:
National Assembly
Question Number:
PQ 6904
Responding Authority:
Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development
Requesting Member:
Mr S M Gana (Rise Mzansi)
Implementing Authority:
National Prosecuting Authority
Financial Years Covered:
FY 2023 / 24; FY 2024 / 25; FY 2025 / 26
Subject Matter:
Prosecution and conviction rates for murder, rape and assault GBH; duration of criminal trials; measures and challenges in GBV-related cases
Data Type:
Conviction rates and average time from plea to finalisation
Geographical Scope:
Republic of South Africa
Related Framework:
GBVF Response Plan
Reference Code:
NW7730E
Year:
2004
Region / City:
Hyderabad
Theme:
Partition, communal violence, intergenerational trauma, gendered violence
Document Type:
Literary analysis
Organization / Institution:
Not specified
Author:
Samina Ali
Target Audience:
Scholars, students of postcolonial studies, literary critics
Period of Action:
1947–1990s
Approval Date:
Not specified
Date of Changes:
Not specified
Year:
2023
Organization:
Cambridge Rape Crisis Centre (CRCC)
Position:
ISVA (Independent Sexual Violence Advisor)
Application Deadline:
3 March 2023
Interview Period:
Week commencing 13 March 2023
Location:
Cambridge, UK
Target Audience:
Job applicants
Required Documents:
Completed application form, references, disclosure information
Data Handling:
Personal data processed by CRCC for application purposes
Legal Reference:
Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 (Exemptions) Order 1975
Year:
2023
Region / City:
India
Subject:
Criminalization and prosecution of rape
Document Type:
Thematic report
Organization / Institution:
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Author:
Almas Shaikh, Centre for Law & Policy Research, Bangalore
Target Audience:
Policymakers, human rights researchers
Legal Framework Covered:
Indian Penal Code (IPC) Sections 375, 376, 376A, 376AB
Scope:
National legislation on rape and related gender-based violence
Date of Data Compilation:
2023
Year:
2015
Region / City:
Nigeria
Topic:
Sexual Violence, Gender, Media Representation
Document Type:
Academic Article
Institution:
Afe Babalola University, College of Social & Management Studies
Author:
Victor Aganbi
Target Audience:
Researchers, Media Professionals, Legal Scholars
Methodology:
Literature Review, Case Law Analysis, Comparative Jurisdictional Study
Keywords:
Feminist principles, Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act, 2015, Sexual Harassment, Gender-Neutrality, Mass Media
Year:
1994
Country:
Yemen
Legal framework:
Criminal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, Personal Status Law
Type of document:
Legal text / Official response
Authority:
OHCHR Yemen Country Office
Subject:
Rape and sexual violence provisions
Target group:
All individuals (male and female)
Legal provisions:
Article 269 of Republican Decree Law No 12, Law No 20 of 1992
Age of consent:
14 years
Gender applicability:
Gender-neutral with specific provisions for female minors
Penalties:
Imprisonment 2–15 years depending on circumstances
Aggravating circumstances:
Multiple perpetrators, victim under protection, serious injury, conception, victim suicide
Marital rape:
Not explicitly included
Reconciliation provisions:
Not provided
War and conflict context:
Not specified